2024 What does a trazodone look like

Trazodone is an antidepressant that drug manufacturers developed to treat depression. Doctors may also recommend Trazodone for sleep disorders, such as insomnia. A person who has trouble sleeping .... Safeway 2042

Serotonin modulators, like trazodone, work by targeting certain serotonin receptors, including the 5-HT2A receptor. ... What Does Trazodone Look Like? Trazodone is usually white and round or oval …The Potential for Trazodone Abuse. When taken as prescribed, antidepressant medications like trazodone are not associated with a rewarding, euphoric high like many other prescription drugs of abuse such as prescription opioid drugs, benzodiazepines, or stimulants.. Therefore, for the most part, antidepressant …Climate scientists have told the Guardian they expect catastrophic levels of global heating. Here’s what that would mean for the planet Global heating is likely to soar …Trazodone drug interactions can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions, so using it as it was intended is essential. Some of the most dangerous interactions that trazodone has are with: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Medications that increase serotonin levels. Blood thinners.Side Effects of Trazodone. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea or constipation. Dizziness, unsteadiness, dry mouth, and/or headache. Fatigue, tingling or numbness in the extremities (arms and legs), or ringing in the ears. Muscle pain, rash, tremors or shaking (mostly in the hands)Pharmacology. Pictures. Resources. TRAZODONE (tablet) can come in different packaging based on the dosage and strength of the medication. Below are pictures of Trazodone …We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Apr 4, 2023 · Trazodone is an antidepressant that may also be used to treat insomnia. Experts aren't sure exactly how trazodone works but suggest it improves the symptoms of depression by inhibiting the uptake of serotonin by nerves in the brain. This increases levels of serotonin in the nerve synapse (the space between two nerves). Trazodone is an oral tablet used to treat depression. It works to improve mood, appetite and energy level in those pets with a major depressive disorder (MDD). Trazodone also helps to decrease the anxiety and insomnia that can accompany depression. It comes as an uncoated tablet, so you can easily hide it in your dog's wet food or a pill pocket ...Maximum dose: 400 mg per at 1-866-832-8537 or Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are available in the following strengths: day in divided doses (2). [email protected]; or 300 mg: White, oval, flat-faced, beveled-edge tablet with one side scored with.Mechanism of action of trazodone: a multifunctional drug. Mechanism of action of trazodone: a multifunctional drug CNS Spectr. 2009 Oct;14(10):536-46. doi: 10.1017/s1092852900024020. Author Stephen M Stahl 1 Affiliation 1 Department of Psychiatry at the University of California-San Diego in La Jolla. USA. …For oral dosage form (extended-release tablets): Adults—At first, 150 milligrams (mg) per day as a single dose. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose …$4.85. (save 70.90%) View GoodRx coupons. What is Trazodone? What is Trazodone used for? Major depressive disorder (MDD) How Trazodone works. …What does Desyrel look like? DESYREL MJ776 . Desyrel Strength 100 MG Imprint DESYREL MJ776 Color White Shape Round View details. DESYREL MJ775 . Desyrel Strength 50 ...TraZODONE Hydrochloride Tablets, USP. 150 mg. Rx Only. 50 Tablets (5 x 10) Unit Dose. 5026877115. PHARMACIST: Dispense the Medication Guide provided separately to each patient. Each tablet contains 150 mg of trazodone hydrochloride. Note to Pharmacist: If other than a whole tablet is to be taken, instruct patient.Trazodone is a prescription medication used for the treatment of depression. This article discusses the risks, side effects, addiction potential, and treatment options for trazodone. ... What Does Adderall Addiction and Abuse Look Like? Trazodone is a prescription medication used for the treatment of depression. This article discusses the …Trazodone hydrochloride may enhance the response to alcohol, barbiturates, and other CNS depressants. Trazodone hydrochloride should be given shortly after a meal or light snack. Within any individual patient, total drug absorption may be up to 20% higher when the drug is taken with food rather than on an empty stomach.The serotonin effects of trazodone occur within half an hour of taking a dose, so side effects such as drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness, trouble sleeping, nausea, urinary incontinence, blurred vision, genital numbing, and similar side effects are sometimes experienced early or even after the first dose. Other side effects, such as sexual ...Atlassian introduces AI-driven virtual teammate, Atlassian Intelligence, that brings together Atlassian's own model and OpenAI's tools. Atlassian today announced the launch of Atla...4. Ramelteon. Ramelteon (Rozerem) is a melatonin antagonist and may help a person fall asleep. Melatonin is a naturally occurring substance in the body, and by affecting melatonin receptors ...Climate scientists have told the Guardian they expect catastrophic levels of global heating. Here’s what that would mean for the planet Global heating is likely to soar …30 Jan 2024 ... What Does Trazodone Look Like? ... Trazodone is typically supplied as a small white tablet, which is scored down the middle. Less commonly, ...Pill with imprint 8 06 is White, Round and has been identified as Trazodone Hydrochloride 100 mg. It is supplied by Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. Trazodone is used in the treatment of Depression; Sedation; Major Depressive Disorder and belongs to the drug class phenylpiperazine antidepressants . Risk cannot be ruled out during pregnancy.Indices Commodities Currencies StocksTrazodone is an antidepressant that may also be used to treat insomnia. Experts aren't sure exactly how trazodone works but suggest it improves the symptoms of depression by inhibiting the uptake of serotonin by nerves in the brain. This increases levels of serotonin in the nerve synapse (the space between two nerves).Research. Veterinary use. See also. References. External links. Trazodone, sold under many brand names, [1] is an antidepressant medication. [20] . It is used to treat major …Trazodone tablets come as 50mg, 100mg and 150mg strengths. Capsules come as 50mg and 100mg strengths. The liquid has either 10mg or 20mg of trazodone in every 1ml. For depression, the usual dose is 150mg daily. But in some cases your doctor may start you on a lower dose of 100mg to reduce the chance of side effects.Cocaine is an addictive stimulant that can come in the form of a white powder, crystal rock, paste, or leaf. Cocaine in all of its forms has a bitter taste and can leave the mouth feeling numb. Cocaine is an addictive, illicit drug that comes from the coca plant, which is native to South America. Although cocaine is sometimes used as an ...Trazodone (traz' oh done) is a triazolopyridine derivative whose mechanism of action is believed to be inhibition of serotonin reuptake and modulation of serotonin receptor activity, which results in increased levels and activity of serotonin. Trazodone was approved for use in major depressive disorder in the United States in 1981 and remains ...White. While they may come in different shapes or be made by different pharmaceutical companies, the most common color of pure hydrocodone and combination hydrocodone pills is white. Norco is a popular brand name for the combination of hydrocodone and acetaminophen. The white pill has a dosage of 7.5 mg of hydrocodone and 325 mg of …Maximum dose: 400 mg per at 1-866-832-8537 or Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are available in the following strengths: day in divided doses (2). [email protected]; or 300 mg: White, oval, flat-faced, beveled-edge tablet with one side scored with.Constipation. continuing ringing or buzzing or other unexplained noise in the ears. diarrhea. hearing loss. muscle aches or pains. weight loss. Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.How does Trazodone work? Trazodone is a serotonin ... She doesn't seem drugged by this. ... We give him the medicine on an as needed basis. 1 Like Report. Rated 5 ...What Shingles Looks Like. A shingles rash looks like a cluster of tiny, fast-growing blisters on a red base of skin that quickly merge, rupture, and crust over. A shingles outbreak almost always develops on side of the body and follows a string of nerves servicing a specific part of the body (called a dermatome ).4. Ramelteon. Ramelteon (Rozerem) is a melatonin antagonist and may help a person fall asleep. Melatonin is a naturally occurring substance in the body, and by affecting melatonin receptors ...Trazodone Withdrawal. Like many antidepressants, people who are prescribed trazodone but later decide to stop taking it are generally advised to taper off gradually, rather than stopping all medication suddenly. This is done to minimize the potential of withdrawal symptoms, and is always done under the supervision of a doctor. ...Dosage and Administration. According to the appropriate trazodone summary of product characteristics (SPC) [31–33], therapy should begin with an evening administration (starting dose 75–150 mg before bedtime).Subsequently, the dose can be increased every 3 days up to 300 mg/day, to be administered in repeated doses after …Desyrel side effects. Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.. Stop taking Desyrel and call your doctor at once if you have a penis erection that is painful or lasts 6 hours or longer.TRAZODONE - ORAL (TRAZZ-oh-doan) COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Desyrel USES: This medication is used to treat depression. It may take 2 to 3 weeks before the full effects of this medication are noticed. OTHER USES: This medication may also be used for relief of symptoms of an anxiety disorder (e.g., sleeplessness, tension), or to treat chronic pain.Trazodone is a medication that is primarily used to treat depression. It belongs to a class of drugs known as serotonin modulators, which work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite.Although our main findings suggest that trazodone does not impair human cognition, and may even have a beneficial effect, further studies are needed to confirm the overall effect of trazodone on cognitive function. ... For that reason, it seems plausible that a drug, like trazodone, that increases sleep continuity and slow-wave sleep (SWS ...Apr 15, 2024 · Trazodone Dosage and Administration. Starting dose: 150 mg in divided doses daily. May be increased by 50 mg per day every three to four days. Maximum dose: 400 mg per day in divided doses ( 2.1 ). Trazodone hydrochloride tablets should be taken shortly after a meal or light snack ( 2.2 ). This medication does not contain gluten or tartrazine. How should I use this medication? The recommended adult dose of trazodone ranges from 150 mg to 300 mg daily, taken in 2 or 3 divided doses with a meal or light snack. The dose is usually started at 150 mg to 200 mg daily and increased gradually until the best dose is found.Dosage and Administration. According to the appropriate trazodone summary of product characteristics (SPC) [31–33], therapy should begin with an evening administration (starting dose 75–150 mg before bedtime).Subsequently, the dose can be increased every 3 days up to 300 mg/day, to be administered in repeated doses after …Trazodone may cause dry mouth. For temporary relief, use sugarless gum or candy, melt bits of ice in your mouth, or use a saliva substitute. However, if your mouth continues to feel dry for more than 2 weeks, check with your medical doctor or dentist. Continuing dryness of the mouth may increase the chance of dental disease, including tooth ...A project at The George Washington University’s School of Medicine and Health Sciences in D.C. aims to show more examples of how different skin conditions …For oral dosage form (extended-release tablets): Adults—At first, 150 milligrams (mg) per day as a single dose. Your doctor may adjust your dose as needed. However, the dose …Pharmacology. Pictures. Resources. TRAZODONE (tablet) can come in different packaging based on the dosage and strength of the medication. Below are pictures of Trazodone …Trazodone is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). This is commonly used to treat anxiety and depression or help with storm phobias. Trazodone works in the brain by keeping serotonin in the brain’s synaptic space for a longer time. Serotonin is responsible for your dog feeling good. This will help make your dog happier and stress-free.Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, blurred vision, changes in weight, headache, muscle ache/pain, dry mouth, bad taste in the mouth, stuffy nose, constipation, or change ...How long does trazodone stay in your system? Trazodone is mainly eliminated through urine, excreting about 75% of the dose within 72 hours. About 20% is excreted via the biliary route in the feces. Trazodone has a two-phase elimination. The first phase has a half-life of about 1 hour and about 8 hours for the second phase.Diwali, one of the most popular Hindu festivals, is synonymous with lights, fireworks and feasts. But for many, the festival of lights also has an ugly side: air pollution hits an ...It's possible to scoot leaves around without spewing huge clouds of smoke into the air. Everyone hates leaf blowers, and it’s not hard to see why. For most people, the noise is rea...Nausea. Vomiting. Drowsiness. Constipation. Diarrhoea. Fatigue. Changes in appetite. Muscular pains. It is important to note that trazodone is a safe and effective antidepressant with a lower incidence of side effects and not everyone taking trazodone may experience the above-mentioned side effects.Desyrel side effects. Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.. Stop taking Desyrel and call your doctor at once if you have a penis erection that is painful or lasts 6 hours or longer.4. Ramelteon. Ramelteon (Rozerem) is a melatonin antagonist and may help a person fall asleep. Melatonin is a naturally occurring substance in the body, and by affecting melatonin receptors ...Trazodone, sold under many brand names, [1] is an antidepressant medication. [20] It is used to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and insomnia. [20] The medication is taken orally. [20] Common side effects include dry mouth, feeling faint, vomiting, and headache. [20]Trazodone may cause dry mouth. For temporary relief, use sugarless gum or candy, melt bits of ice in your mouth, or use a saliva substitute. However, if your mouth continues to feel dry for more than 2 weeks, check with your medical doctor or dentist. Continuing dryness of the mouth may increase the chance of dental disease, including tooth ...Trazodone (81%) and quetiapine (73%) were rated by most respondents as effective, despite their use off label and lack of evidence for use in children for sleep disorders. 19. The objective of this research was to examine trazodone prescribing to Medicaid-insured children with a diagnosis of ADHD. In particular, the purpose of this …Trazodone, Oral Tablet. Trazodone is a generic drug that doctors may prescribe to treat depression. Side effects are usually mild, but possible serious side effects include rapid heart rate ...Comment: Barbiturates may increase adverse effects, including respiratory depression, produced by toxic doses of TCAs. With therapeutic doses of TCAs, barbiturates increase metabolism and decrease blood concentrations of TCAs. phenytoin. trazodone increases levels of phenytoin by unspecified interaction mechanism.Find out how to improve your kitchen on a budget by refinishing plastic laminate countertops, replacing the range hood, and installing insulating window film. Expert Advice On Impr...It's possible to scoot leaves around without spewing huge clouds of smoke into the air. Everyone hates leaf blowers, and it’s not hard to see why. For most people, the noise is rea...23 Aug 2021 ... How Does Trazodone Work When Prescribed for a Dog? ... I would like to reserve it for only high-stress situations. ... look in his ears – even with ...Trazodone is an antidepressant that is FDA-approved for the treatment of depression. It has been used by mental health and primary care providers for the treatment of multiple psychiatric and medical conditions .This review describes trazodone mechanism of action, formulation, dosage and adverse effects and then summarizes the beneficial effects of …Pill with imprint 8 05 is White, Round and has been identified as Trazodone Hydrochloride 50 mg. It is supplied by Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. Trazodone is used in the treatment of Depression; Sedation; Major Depressive Disorder and belongs to the drug class phenylpiperazine antidepressants . Risk cannot be ruled out during pregnancy.Trazodone is an oral tablet used to treat depression. It works to improve mood, appetite and energy level in those pets with a major depressive disorder (MDD). Trazodone also helps to decrease the anxiety and insomnia that can accompany depression. It comes as an uncoated tablet, so you can easily hide it in your dog's wet food or a pill pocket ...TraZODONE Hydrochloride Tablets, USP. 150 mg. Rx Only. 50 Tablets (5 x 10) Unit Dose. 5026877115. PHARMACIST: Dispense the Medication Guide provided separately to each patient. Each tablet contains 150 mg of trazodone hydrochloride. Note to Pharmacist: If other than a whole tablet is to be taken, instruct patient.24 May 2022 ... Brand-name trazodone, Desyrel, is no longer sold in the United States, so patients can only purchase generic trazodone at this time. Fortunately ...Trazodone is an antidepressant and sedative that has been used to treat depression and symptoms of insomnia (unable to sleep or having poor sleep). It is often used in combination with other medications used to treat depression. Some brand names for trazodone include Desyrel®, Oleptro®, and Trazorel®.Trazodone acts on various receptors, including certain histamine, serotonin, and adrenergic receptors, distinguishing it from other antidepressants that cover a narrow range of neurotransmitters. It was initially granted FDA approval in 1981. DrugBank. Trazodone is a Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor. FDA Pharm Classes.Trazodone for cats. 6 Mar 2024 by SingleCare Team. Trazodone is used to treat situational anxiety in cats. The standard dose of trazodone for cats is 25 mg. Side effects like sleepiness, loss of coordination, nausea, vomiting, and appetite changes may occur. Health Education.Other Potential Risks of Pliva 434/433. Other health risks that have been associated with the use of trazodone hydrochloride include: 3,6,7,8. Priapism: Long-lasting erections. Mania or hypomania: Extended period of mood disturbance involving abnormal amounts of energy and hyperactivity.Trazodone Images. See image of Trazodone for shape, color, size and other Bipolar Disorder drugs at CVS, Walgreens, and other nearby pharmacies.With graduation season in full swing, economists and hiring experts say graduates are entering into a positive but slower job market compared to recent years. The overall …Trazodone is an antidepressant that is used to treat major depressive disorder. Trazodone may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. ... (like you might pass out); slow heartbeats; unusual thoughts or behavior; easy bruising, unusual bleeding; or; low levels of sodium in the body--headache, confusion, slurred speech ...All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away: Feeling dizzy, sleepy, tired, or weak. Constipation, diarrhea, stomach pain, upset stomach, or throwing up.Monographs-Pediatrics. What does TRAZODONE HCL look like? View images of TRAZODONE HCL and identify pills by imprint, color or shape. If you need to save …Aug 29, 2023 · Side Effects of Trazodone. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea or constipation. Dizziness, unsteadiness, dry mouth, and/or headache. Fatigue, tingling or numbness in the extremities (arms and legs), or ringing in the ears. Muscle pain, rash, tremors or shaking (mostly in the hands) Official answer. by Drugs.com. After a single dose in a healthy adult, trazodone will be mostly out of your system in one to three days. For trazodone the half-life is approximately 5 to 13 hours. This means that every 5 to 13 hours, the level in your blood will drop by 50 percent. The elimination half-life of a medication is the time it takes ...Jan 24, 2023 · Trazodone is a serotonin modulator, or in the serotonin-antagonist-and-reuptake-inhibitor (SARI) class of medications. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays an important function in mood stabilization. When a person’s serotonin levels are low, it can contribute to depression and other mental health disorders. Oct 17, 2023 · Trazodone is an antidepressant that drug manufacturers developed to treat depression. Doctors may also recommend Trazodone for sleep disorders, such as insomnia. A person who has trouble sleeping ... Tramadol Pill Images. Note: Multiple pictures are displayed for those medicines available in different strengths, marketed under different brand names and for medicines manufactured by different pharmaceutical companies. Multi-ingredient medications may also be listed when applicable. What does Tramadol hydrochloride look like?Advertisement In most air-conditioning systems, the condenser unit is located outside the house and is prone to accumulate dirt and debris from trees, lawn mowing, and airborne du...Trazodone tablets come as 50mg, 100mg and 150mg strengths. Capsules come as 50mg and 100mg strengths. The liquid has either 10mg or 20mg of trazodone in every 1ml. For depression, the usual dose is 150mg daily. But in some cases your doctor may start you on a lower dose of 100mg to reduce the chance of side effects.Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, blurred vision, changes in weight, headache, muscle ache/pain, dry mouth, bad taste in the mouth, stuffy nose, constipation, or change ...

unusual bruising or bleeding. nosebleeds. small red or purple dots on the skin. erection lasting more than 6 hours. headache. problems with thinking, concentration, or memory. weakness. problems with coordination. Trazodone can cause painful, long lasting erections in males.. 8181 w roosevelt st phoenix az

Suitors will do well to look into the details. The Narendra Modi government is lining up Air India for privatisation, but there’s a four-letter word that could stall the national c...Very low sodium levels can be life-threatening, leading to seizures, passing out, trouble breathing, or death. If you are 65 or older, use this medicine (trazodone extended-release tablets) with care. You could have more side effects. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan on getting pregnant, or are breast-feeding.Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common mood disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Trazodone, a triazolopyridine serotonin receptor antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI) antidepressant approved for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults, has established efficacy that is comparable to other available …Trazodone (traz' oh done) is a triazolopyridine derivative whose mechanism of action is believed to be inhibition of serotonin reuptake and modulation of serotonin receptor activity, which results in increased levels and activity of serotonin. Trazodone was approved for use in major depressive disorder in the United States in 1981 and remains ...The Potential for Trazodone Abuse. When taken as prescribed, antidepressant medications like trazodone are not associated with a rewarding, euphoric high like many other prescription drugs of abuse such as prescription opioid drugs, benzodiazepines, or stimulants.. Therefore, for the most part, antidepressant …Trazodone is associated with a number of side effects. Relatively mild side effects include nausea, vomiting, changes in appetite, weight loss or weight gain, muscle pain, dry mouth, dizziness, blurred vision, itching, skin rashes, and constipation. Some patients experience light to moderate impairment after taking trazodone.Trazodone hydrochloride may cause somnolence or sedation and may impair the mental and/or physical ability required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks. Patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles, until they are reasonably certain that the drug treatment does not affect them adversely.It’s a good idea to avoid combining trazodone and alcohol. Individually, each of these substances can cause drowsiness and dizziness. When combined, your risk of these side effects is increased. More seriously, your risk of slowed breathing, overdose, and falls is also higher. In general, other antidepressants and sleep aids should also be ...Trazodone is a medication used in the management and treatment of major depressive disorder. It is in the serotonin-antagonist-and-reuptake-inhibitor class of medications. This activity reviews the indications, action, and contraindications for trazodone as a valuable agent in managing major depression. This activity will highlight the mechanism of actions, adverse effects, and other key ... Trazodone. Brand name: Molipaxin. Find out how trazodone treats depression and anxiety and how to take it. About trazodone. Who can and cannot take it. How and when to take it. Side effects. Pregnancy, breastfeeding and fertility. Taking trazodone with other medicines and herbal supplements. Maximum dose: 400 mg per at 1-866-832-8537 or Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are available in the following strengths: day in divided doses (2). [email protected]; or 300 mg: White, oval, flat-faced, beveled-edge tablet with one side scored with.White. While they may come in different shapes or be made by different pharmaceutical companies, the most common color of pure hydrocodone and combination hydrocodone pills is white. Norco is a popular brand name for the combination of hydrocodone and acetaminophen. The white pill has a dosage of 7.5 mg of hydrocodone and 325 mg of …Trazodone may cause dry mouth. For temporary relief, use sugarless gum or candy, melt bits of ice in your mouth, or use a saliva substitute. However, if your mouth continues to feel dry for more than 2 weeks, check with your medical doctor or dentist. Continuing dryness of the mouth may increase the chance of dental disease, including tooth ...Individuals can be dehydrated if they do not drink enough water. Trazodone is associated with some side effects that result in water loss from the body. However, these side effects are well-tolerated and are not so intense that it leads to dehydration. Some of these side effects are less frequently reported.Trazodone is a prescription drug used to treat depression and sleep disorders like insomnia. When using trazodone for sleep, the drug is given at low doses—typically between 25 to 100 milligram (mg)—which reduces the risk of drug tolerance and daytime sleepiness. For some people, even lower doses may prove effective and cause fewer side ...Trazodone is widely prescribed as a sleep aid, although it is indicated for depression, not insomnia. Its daytime cognitive and psychomotor effects have not been systematically investigated in insomniacs. The primary goal of this study was to quantify, in primary insomniacs, the hypnotic efficacy of trazodone and subsequent daytime impairments.trazodone + isocarboxazid. contraindicated w/in 14 days of isocarboxazid or trazodone use: combo may incr. risk of serotonin syndrome, CNS depression, psychomotor impairment, hypotension, incl. orthostasis, syncope (additive effects) linezolid. trazodone (generic) +. linezolid. 1 interaction. Contraindicated. trazodone + linezolid..

Popular Topics